what resources does the nile river provide

The northern section of the Nile passes through Sudan to Egypt and results in a large delta before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Its valley and delta provide fertile soil for farming . The Nile is located in northeast Africa and flows through many different African countries including Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Burundi.There are two major tributaries that feed the Nile, the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The Whi… You cannot download interactives. Both tributaries are located on the left side of the Great Rift Valley. Ancient Egyptians used the papyrus plant in many ways, such as making cloth, boxes, and rope, but by far its most important use was in making paper. It borders two of the largest deserts in the world. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. The Nile River ESSENTIAL QUESTION How does geography influence the way people live? The Nile River has been a central feature of life in northeast Africa for thousands of years. These floods were necessary to flush and clean the water of human and agricultural waste. act in which earth is worn away, often by water, wind, or ice. Washington, DC 20036, National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. It is the longest river in the world. The Blue Nile, however, is the source of most of the water, containing 80% of the water and silt. Terms of Service |  Egypt was a vast kingdom of the ancient world. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. The Nile River was critical to the development of ancient Egypt. Though the delta and the river together were long the source of Egypt’s wealth and greatness, they now face relentless assault from both land and sea. The Cataracts of the Nile are shallow lengths (or whitewater rapids) of the Nile River, between Khartoum and Aswan, where the surface of the water is broken by many small boulders and stones jutting out of the river bed, as well as many rocky islets.In some places, these stretches are punctuated by whitewater, while at others the water flow is smoother, but still shallow. Canals bring water from the Nile to irrigate farms and support cities. Because some of the Nile nations are among the world’s poorest, many Nile Basin inhabitants live at a sustenance level and depend directly on the natural bounty of the river ecosystems. Instead of growing in size through the soil deposits, the delta is now shrinking due to erosion along the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile is a freshwater river, and it supplies Egypt with the majority of its fresh water. National Geographic Headquarters The mud on the banks of the Nile River provided the Egyptians with mud that they utilize for building homes, buildings and general repair. Why did people settle near the Nile River? plant cultivated for its oil, seeds, and fibers, used to make linen. But there is a grey area. Resources and Wealth The greatest natural resource in Ancient Egypt was the Nile River. It is the main source of water in Egypt and Sudan. The sacred waters of the Nile characterized every important aspect of Egyptian civilization. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. The White Nile is approximately 510 miles long. The earliest inhabitants along the river found that the river provided many sources of food, and more importantly, discovered an annual 6 month period where the Nile flooded. The Nile River Valley SS.6.G.1.7, SS.6.G.2.1, SS.6.G.2.3, SS.6.G.3.1, LA.6.1.7.4 Why was the Nile River important to the ancient Egyptians? Ancient Egyptians developed irrigation methods to increase the amount of land they could use for crops and support a thriving population. The Sudd wetlands provide a natural hydrologic buffer resulting in relatively steady average monthly flows of the White Nile ranging from 580 to 1,270 m 3 /s at Malakal in South Sudan, while the seasonal fluctuations of the Blue Nile are pronounced with average monthly flows ranging from 150 to 5,600 m 3 /s at the Soba gauge in Khartoum. Jeanna Sullivan, National Geographic Society, Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society The Nile starts in Jinja, Uganda, at the shore of Lake Victoria and flows northwards over Ripon Falls into Lake Kyoga. The soil of the Nile River delta between El Qâhira (Cairo) and the Mediterranean Sea is rich in nutrients, due to the large silt deposits the Nile leaves behind as it flows into the sea. Taming the Nile: Historical Recap. The river contributes approximately 80% of River Nile’s proper waters during the rainy season. Most Egyptians lived near the Nile as it was a source of water, which provided an excellent soil for growing crops, as well as being used for transportation. Egypt exists because of the Nile River and Egyptians see it as a gift from God. The Nile's water also has hydropower potential that is harnessed for hydroelectricity. The Victoria Nile then flows out towards the western direction before emptying into Lake Albert through its northern end. 1145 17th Street NW Gina Borgia, National Geographic Society The Nile is an international river with its drainage basin covering eleven countries throughout northeastern Africa. All rights reserved. It will provide an opportunity to highlight the importance of continued cooperation by the River Nile Basin States in the quest for food, water and energy security in the Nile Basin and to … tributary of the Nile River flowing from Lake Tana in Ethiopia and meeting the White Nile at Khartoum, Sudan, to form the Nile River. It has dangerous cataracts. The Victoria Nile then flows out towards the western direction before emptying into Lake Albert through its northern end. The Nile River delta was also an ideal growing location for the papyrus plant. Rivers are found on every continent and on nearly every kind of land. The White Nile meets the Blue Nile at Khartoum. solid material transported and deposited by water, ice, and wind. The White Nile enters Sudan below Renk and proceeds north to the capital where it joins the Blue Nile. Nile River, the longest river in the world, called the father of African rivers. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Use these resources to teach your students about the ancient Egyptians. The Nile River and Egyptian Agriculture The Nile has two major tributaries – the White Nile and the Blue Nile. In addition, routine annual flooding no longer occurs along parts of the Nile. How Many Countries Does The Nile River Flow Through. From space, the contrast between the Nile's lush green river banks and the barren desert through which it flows is obvious. The banks of the Nile all along its vast length contain rich soil as well, thanks to annual flooding that deposits silt. "For the next two to three hours I had a fantastic time, climbing … The Nile enters South Sudan and proceeds to Juba where it is called Al-Jabal River. Dams, such as the Aswân High Dam in Egypt, have been built to help to tame the river and provide a source of hydroelectric power. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. The water of Victoria Nile mixes with the lake waters and pass northwards as Albert Nile. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. CAIRO - 2 March 2018: Water efficiency is considered one of the Egyptian National Security issues, the Nile River is the country’s most important water source. It is the longest river in the world (although some sources rank it as the second longest after the Amazon River). While the Nile basin in Sudan and Egypt is rainless during the northern winter, its southern parts and the highlands of Ethiopia experience heavy rain—more than 60 inches (1,520 millimetres)—during the northern summer. The flowing river creates soil full of nutrients that is utilized by the Egyptians for growing crops. The Nile is also being used to further hydroelectric power capabilities. Water resources allocation under conflicting demand and supply was studied in [3, 4,5] for hydropower production and agricultural production in Nile River Basin, in Africa. The Nile supports agriculture and fishing. Atbara River is one of the major tributaries of the Nile. The Nile River was the most important factor in the development of ancient Egypt. The Nile also has served as an important transportation route for thousands of years. The people adapted to the conditions of the Nile River Valley. The Nile quenches thirst, produces electric power, nurtures crops, and sustains the river basin’s unique natural landscapes. The Nile enters South Sudan and proceeds to Juba where it is called Al-Jabal River. Valley of the Kings. The Nile River flows through the northeastern part of Africa. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. About 90% of the Nile water originates in Ethiopia. Its three main tributaries are the White Nile, the Blue Nile, and the Atbara. Why did Egypt need an organized government? Besides using the river's natural resources for themselves and trading them with others, early Egyptians also used the river for bathing, drinking, recreation, and transportation. Ethiopia will use this valuable resource in a … The brown layer of silt that the Nile left when it receded was full of nutrients that allowed for farming to occur. Hardly any rain falls in Egypt, therefore the floods that occurred from the River Nile provided the only regular source of moisture to sustain crops. For centuries, Egypt has been trying different approaches to solve the riddle of the Nile River and control the source of its main tributary. Margot Willis, National Geographic Society. Today, 95 percent of Egyptians live within a few kilometers of the Nile. As a result, the water is becoming more polluted. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Tags: ... Why does the Nile River NOT flood the cities of modern day Egypt? Because it stop flooding over 1,000 years ago. In addition to Egypt, the Nile runs through or along the border of 10 other African countries, namely, Burundi, Tanzania, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia, and South Sudan. However, Atbara only flows during the rainy seasons in Ethiopia and dries rapidly. It rises south of the Equator and flows northward through northeastern Africa to drain into the Mediterranean Sea. It provided them with fish, transportation, and an annual flood that fertilized the land for growing good crops. Although plans are still underw­ay to continue developing electricity production in the area, several dams have already been built to control flooding and generate hydroelectric power.. The Nile starts in Jinja, Uganda, at the shore of Lake Victoria and flows northwards over Ripon Falls into Lake Kyoga. the art and science of cultivating land for growing crops (farming) or raising livestock (ranching). They used it to make paper, boats, sandals, clothing, etc. The Nile River flows over 6,600 kilometers (4,100 miles) until emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Code of Ethics. answer choices . Today, some residents of El Qâhira (Cairo) have begun using private speed boats, water taxis, or ferries to avoid crowded streets. Instead, all Nile nations now need to work together. The river provided fish, transportation, and an annual flood that fertilized the land for growing good crops. In Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, the section of the Nile is called White Nile. The term White Nile is used to highlight the area separating Lake No and Khartoum. She or he will best know the preferred format. The banks of the Nile all along its vast length contain rich soil as well, thanks to annual flooding that deposits silt. stream that feeds, or flows, into a larger stream. Privacy Notice |  (5,592 kilometers/3,473 miles) river in East Africa. Ethiopia intends to use the Nile water resource in equitable portion to advance the needs of the citizens. A river is a large, natural stream of flowing water. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. It has two main tributaries, the Dedessa and Beles Rivers. ancient writing material, similar to paper, made from the papyrus plant. The White Nile is the headstream and the main stream of the Nile while the Blue Nile supplies most of the waters and silt (clay that is deposited as sediment). Nile River - Nile River - Climate and hydrology: Almost no area within the Nile basin experiences a true equatorial or a true Mediterranean type of climate. The river has two main tributaries known as the White and Blue Niles. Discover the source of the Nile with real-life visuals and animated maps. A tributary is a river or stream that flows into a larger river or lake. In Cairo, the Nile splits into two major distributaries, the Rosetta and Damietta, and forms the Nile Delta. The Nile covers a distance of about 4,132 miles and has a drainage basin of approximately 1.3 square miles. The water of Victoria Nile mixes with the lake waters and pass northwards as Albert Nile. The rest live in the Nile River valley itself, a ribbon of green winding through hundreds of miles of desert sand, representing another 1 percent of the nation’s total land area. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Even today, families come to gather water from the riverbank, surrounded by ruins left by ancient civilizations. and lasted as a leading economic and cultural influence throughout North Africa and parts of the Levant until it was conquered by the Macedonians in 332 B.C.E. It was unified around 3100 B.C.E. Historically, Nile River civilizations were able to avoid the problem of excessive salt ruining arable land by using the natural flooding of the Nile rather than irrigation to water their crops. However, the silt and sediment that used to flow north, enriching the soil and building the delta, is now building up behind the dam instead. River Nile, regarded as the longest river in the world means different things to the 11 different countries (Ethiopia, Sudan, South Sudan, Egypt, Uganda, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and Eritrea) which it passed through. People settled near the Nile River because it provided fertile soil, crops and safety from outside invaders, and was the only source of water in Egypt. Since rainfall is almost non-existent in Egypt, the floods provided the only source of moisture to sustain crops. The Blue Nile is known for the Tis-Isat Falls (which locally translates to ‘Smoke of Fire’) which is 148 feet high. The day this year is dedicated to the theme 'Our Shared Nile - Source of Energy, Food and Water for All'. Another important thing the Nile River has brought the Egyptians is fertile land. The greatest natural resource in Ancient Egypt was the Nile River. The river originates from Lake Tana in Ethiopia and is about 500 miles long. Sustainability Policy |  to prepare and nurture the land for crops. Although the Nile River Valley provided all of the agricultural production for the region, the Nubians were adept hunters and enriched their kingdom by … The Nile is often associated with Egypt, but in fact, it flows through 11 countries: Tanzania, Uganda, … It begins in the rivers that flow into Lake Victoria (located in modern-day Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya), and empties into the Mediterranean Sea more than 6,600 kilometers (4,100 miles) to the north, making it one of the longest river in the world. The Blue Nile and the White Nile merge in Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan to form the Grand Nile River. The third and last tributary is the Atbara River originating in north of Lake Tana flowing about 805 km to merge the intensity of the Nile River at the city of Atbara, Sudan. Learn more about the Nile River, including its hydrology and its plant and animal life, in this article. Today Egyptologists, archaeologists who focus on this ancient civilization, have learned a great deal about the rulers, artifacts, and customs of ancient Egypt. Anthropology, Sociology, Geography, Social Studies, Ancient Civilizations. © 1996 - 2021 National Geographic Society. The soil of the Nile River delta between El Qâhira (Cairo) and the Mediterranean Sea is rich in nutrients, due to the large silt deposits the Nile leaves behind as it flows into the sea. 6,342 reviews. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. Surely one of the world’s most evocative rivers as well as being its longest, the mighty Nile River surges imperiously ever northwards 6,650 kilometres (4,132 miles) from its origins in Africa to its mouth on the Uat-Ur the Egyptian word for the Mediterranean Sea. The White Nile is considered to be the headwaters and primary stream of the Nile itself. Other major tributaries include the Yellow Nile Bahr el Ghazal and Sobat River which are the main tributaries of White Nile and the Yellow Nile. The Nile's water is one of its main natural resources, used for drinking and domestic purposes, agricultural irrigation, and recreation. For millennia, much of Egypt's food has been cultivated in the Nile delta region. Also called linseed. The UN Watercourses Conventionrequires every country that shares an international drainage basin to participate in its use, development and protection. The Blue Nile, a tributary of the Nile, originates from Lake Tana in Ethiopia and flows for about 875 miles to Khartoum where it joins White Nile to form the Nile. Although the river has multiple sources, the Nile Proper originates from from Lake Victoria. Although the river has multiple sources, the Nile Proper originates from from Lake Victoria. The Nile River also continues to be an important trade route, connecting Africa with markets in Europe and beyond. For thousands of years, the river has provided a source of irrigation to transform the dry area around it into lush agricultural land. The White Nile is longer and rises in the Great Lakes region of central Africa, with the most distant source still undetermined but located in either Rwanda or Burundi. Resources that the Nile River provided were: fresh water, fertile soil, trade routes, and it promoted travel. tributary of the Nile River flowing from the highland rivers of Burundi to Lake Victoria and meeting the Blue Nile to form the Nile River at Khartoum, Sudan. Photo: Man rides a motorcycle, with a giant fish strapped to the back. Most cannot imagine life without it. Beans, cotton, wheat, and flax were important and abundant crops that could be easily stored and traded. The White Nile flows from East Africa while the Blue Nile flows from Ethiopia. The convention leaves it up to individual countries to negotiate what they see as equitable and reasonable. It was a weed that grew on the Nile River 2. And despite many decades of concerted effort no comprehensive deal between all 11 countries has yet been reached in the case of the Nil… Egypt has to understand that, for Ethiopia, the Nile River is the source of life for its 110 million inhabitants. Today, the river continues to serve as a source of irrigation, as well as an important transportation and trade route. Different types of rocks and minerals were quarried in Ancient Egypt. The Blue Nile’s principal tributaries are the Rahad and Dinder rivers, which source their waters from the Ethiopian Highlands. Other natural resources are charcoal, natural dyes, and food sources like honey and fish. In 1999, the Nile River riparian states, except Eritrea, signed the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) in an effort to enhance cooperation on the use of the “common Nile Basin water resources.” It is over 4,100 miles long! Egypt also had other items of natural resources in rocks and metals. Flowing into Egypt from an elevation of 6,000 feet above sea level, Nile waters deposited silt, natural fertilizer, along its banks in Lower Egypt, turning the land green and agriculturally prosperous. The Nile River flows from south to north through eastern Africa.

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